Occupational Hazards, Safety Culture and Behaviour among Fishermen in Accra - Ghana

Abstract

Introduction: The fishing industry is inherently risky, and understanding the specific hazards and the attitudes towards safety within this community is crucial for developing effective strategies to improve the well-being of fishermen. By examining the safety culture and behaviour of these fishermen, this study aims to shed light on the underlying factors that contribute to occupational hazards and identify potential areas for intervention. The findings of this research will not only contribute to the existing literature on occupational safety in the fishing industry but also provide valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders involved in promoting the well-being of fishermen in Jamestown, Accra, Ghana. Aim: The study’s aim is to investigate the occupational hazards, safety culture and behaviour of fishermen in Accra Metropolitan Assembly, Ghana. Methodology: The study utilized a cross-sectional survey approach to collect opinions from artisanal fishermen in the James Town fishing community, Accra Metropolitan Assembly, Ghana. The target population consisted of registered fishermen aged 30 to 50 years. The researcher employed a sampling technique by selecting the fishermen association, and within this association, a simple random sampling method was adopted. This approach, specifically using a table of random numbers, was chosen to ensure a fair representation of the target population. The sample for the study comprised of 200 respondents, determined through the application of the Yamen (1967) formula. Data was collected via questionnaires that included Likert scale responses, with strict measures taken to ensure confidentiality. Furthermore, the collected data was securely stored, and the analysis involved descriptive statistics using SPSS version 25. Result: The study found that physical, environmental, and psychological hazards are identified as key contributors to accidents among fishermen. Also, fishermen face significant risks, such as drowning, environmental hazards, and psychological stressors. Conclusion: In conclusion, the research findings offer valuable insights into the reasons and factors contributing to accidents at fishing sites, as well as the measures that can be taken to improve safety behaviour among fishermen. These findings also reveal that fishermen face significant hazards, particularly drowning, environmental hazards, and psychological hazards. The prevalence of drowning as a major concern highlights the necessity for targeted safety measures and interventions to address water-related accidents. Additionally, the presence of environmental hazards emphasizes the importance of implementing strategies to mitigate risks associated with the challenging and unpredictable work environment. Overall, these findings emphasize the need for proactive measures to ensure the safety and well-being of fishermen in their line of work.